Technical developments that are necessary for a green transition must be adopted, accepted, and implemented to achieve the intended beneficial effect on climate and greenhouse gas emissions.

For this to take place, it is necessary to have policies that take into account the costs and benefits that accrue to households, firms, and society at larger. This requires that policies are implemented in an equitable manner, leading to a just transition.

For example, this requires an efficient design of energy systems that support the use of the technology, and accommodation of land use practices to account for their multifunctional role in food and fiber production, and in the delivery of ecosystem services.

This will require economic, behavioral, and legal incentives, as well as legitimate governance and social acceptability. In turn, this involves studies in economics, behavior, consumption, psychology, adoption of technology, NIMBYism (not-in-my-backyard) and mobilizing citizens.