To be updated

This pillar will focus on the fundamental understanding of the processes, forcings and feedbacks in the climate system that set the magnitude, patterns and time-development of climate change and variability.

Themes are as follows:

• Climate-biosphere interactions, biogeochemistry, and the carbon cycle
• Atmosphere-ocean-land-ice processes in past, present and future climates
• Teleconnections and Arctic-midlatitude coupling
• Atmospheric transports of heat, moisture, and pollutants
• Short-lived climate forcers
• Planning and organizing major expeditions, such as the NE Greenland expedition